Species Hierarchy
Kingdom PLANT (PLANTAE)
Phylum SEED PLANTS (EMBRYOPHYTA)
Class DICOTS (DICOTYLEDONEAE)
Order COMPOSITES, BELLFLOWERS AND ALLIES (CAMPANULATAE)
Family DAISY (COMPOSITAE)
SubFamily BLAZING STAR AND ALLIES (EUPATORIEAE)
Common name: BONESET - SWEET JOE-PYE WEED
Scentific name: EUPATORIUM PURPUREUM

TOP OF PLANT
Location: GLACIER STATE PARK, IL., USA

Species Info:

This lifeform is widespread in North America. The blue color will help identify this lifeform. This lifeform is found in wooded areas. This lifeform is common in suitable environments.

Joe-Pye Weed or Purple Boneset (Eupatorium purpureum) is found from eastern Canada to Manitoba, south to Florida and Texas. This species can be up to ten feet tall. The four to twelve-inch leaves, coarsely toothed, perhaps twenty teeth per side, are petioled. The flower color is pink or purple, but sometimes white.

Eupatorium genus contains over 500 species that are found primarily in warm and tropical regions.  However, most of these species have been moved to other genera, such as the Ageratina genus of 230 herbs and shrubs, and the Bartlettina genus of shrubs and trees. There remains about 54 species in this smaller revised genus that are native to North America.  These species usually contain multiple heads of white, blue, or purple flowers. The leaves are  sometimes whorled in groups of three or more.  Many of the species are perennial herbs that can be up to four to ten feet tall.

Eupatorieae Tribe is found primarily in the tropics, but several species are found in the United States. There are over 500 known species in this tribe.

Composite or Daisy or Aster Family (Compositae or Asteraceae) is a huge family of perhaps over 20,000 species. Sometimes the Chicory portion of this family is treated as a separate family.  Here the Chicory group is treated as the most advanced tribe in the Composite Family. (The tribes are as suggested by Lawrence in his book, Taxonomy of Vascular Plants.)  

Many species of this family are characterized by large flower heads composed of many very small flowers and leaves that appear as petals (bracts). These cause the large flower heads to appear as a single large flower. The center of the "flower" of a common sunflower contains a multitude of tiny flowers.  

To facilitate study of this large and complicated family, the Composites are usually broken down into different tribes:

        1    Vernoninae
        2    Eupatorieae
        3    Astereae          Asters and Goldenrods, etc.
        4    Inuleae
        5    Heliantheae       Sunflowers, etc.
        6    Helenieae
        7    Anthemideae
        8    Senecioneae
       11    Cynareae           Thistles
       13    Cichoriacea        Dandelions

There are over 20,000 species arranged in about 1,300 genera in this family.

As of 1994, there were about 2,700 species in almost 400 genera either native to or established in greater North America, including Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Hawaii, and Greenland.

Campanulate is a large order usually divided into six different  families. The largest of these is the Aster (Composite) Family.

Dicots (Dicotyledoneae Class) are the predominant group of vascular plants on earth. With the exception of the grasses (Monocots) and the Conifers (Gymnosperms), most of the larger plants that one encounters are  Dicots. Dicots are characterized by having a seed with two outer shell coverings. Some of the more primitive Dicots are the typical hardwood trees (oaks, birches, hickories, etc). The more advanced Dicots include many of the Composite Family flowers like the  Dandelion, Aster, Thistles, and Sunflowers. Although many Monocots reach a very high degree of specialization, most botanists feel that the Dicots represent the most advanced group of plants.

Seed plants (Phylum Embryophyta) are generally grouped into one large phylum containing three major classes: the Gymnosperms, the Monocots, and the Dicots. (Some scientists separate the Gymnosperms into a separate phylum and refer to the remaining plants as flowering plants or Angiospermae.)

For North American counts of the number of species in each genus and family, the primary reference has been John T. Kartesz, author of A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland (1994). The geographical scope of his lists include, as part of greater North America, Hawaii, Alaska, Greenland, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands.

Kartesz lists 21,757 species of vascular plants comprising the ferns, gymnosperms and flowering plants as being found in greater North America (including Alaska, Hawaii, Greenland, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands).

There are estimates within the scientific world that about half of the listed North American seed plants were originally native with the balance being comprised of Eurasian and tropical plants that have become established.

Plant kingdom contains a large variety of different organisms including mosses, ferns, and seed plants. Most plants manufacture their energy from sunlight and water. Identification of many species is difficult in that most individual plants have characteristics that have variables based on soil moisture, soil chemistry, and sunlight.

Because of the difficulty in learning and identifying different plant groups, specialists have emerged that study only a limited group of plants. These specialists revise the taxonomy and give us detailed descriptions and ranges of the various species.  Their results are published in technical journals and written with highly specialized words that apply to a specific group.

On the other hand, there are the nature publishers. These people and companies undertake the challenging task of trying to provide easy to use pictures and descriptions to identify those species.

 

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TOP OF PLANT

TOP OF PLANT

LEAVES AND STEM

LEAVES AND STEM

MOUNTED TOP OF PLANT IN BLOOM

FLOWER HEAD

MOUNTED TOP OF PLANT IN BLOOM

FLOWER HEAD

LEAF

LEAF

HABITAT - ONE PLANT IN SUN

OAK WOODS HABITAT

HABITAT - ONE PLANT IN SUN

OAK WOODS HABITAT

HABITAT

HABITAT



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IRONWEED - TEXAS
VERNONIA TEXANA
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BONESET- INDIAN SAGE
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GAYFEATHER
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