This lifeform is found in Europe. This lifeform is widespread in North America. This lifeform is only found domesticated.

German Shepherd (Canis hybrid) is a popular breed of dog that is known for its intelligence. They make good watch dogs, seeing eye dogs, and good pets.

Canis genus (wolves and dogs) contains seven or nine species depending upon the naming convention for the domestic dog and Australian dingo. There are two wild wolf species,  one coyote species, four jackal species, and two species descended from the wolves (Australian dingo and domestic dog.)

Domesticated dog is frequently called "man's best friend." Breeds of dogs have been developed to function as companions, guard dogs, sheep herding dogs, seeing-eye dogs, racing dogs, hunting dogs, rescue dogs, and for numerous other purposes including show dogs and pets. Although most biologists agree that the domesticated dog arose from the wild wolf, it is only recently that biologists have given the domesticated dog its own name (Canis familiaris). This is an important step for conservation, as it now provides an easy way to separate the wild wolf from the domesticated dog.

Dogs and Foxes and Jackal (Family Canoidae) group contains thirty-five species found in  North American, Africa, South America, and Eurasia. The timberwolf is the best known wild member of this family. Familiar breeds of dogs make up the domesticated forms. To facilitate study of this interesting family, it has been arbitrarily broken it into two subfamilies as follows: Wild Dogs, Foxes, etc. of the world; and domesticated dogs. A third group, extinct Canoidae, has also been included.

Carnivores (Order Carnivora) are found naturally worldwide, except for Australia which has an introduced wild dog. Carnivores are characterized by their habits of feeding on other animals. They usually can run quickly and capture their food with the help of their claws and jaws. Typical carnivores are dogs, cats, and bears.

Mammals (Class Mammalia), together with the birds, are among the youngest of the classes of animals. In species count, mammals number about fifty-one hundred, trailing reptiles (approximately fifty-five hundred), fish (approximately eighteen thousand), and birds (approximately eighty-six hundred).

There are three sub-types of mammals:

   monotremes, the most primitive:
      Develop in reptilian-like eggs and suckle milk emerging
      (i.e., spiny anteater, duckbilled platypus)

   marsupials
      Newborn emerges very underdeveloped and continue to
      mature in a pouch on its mother's abdomen (i.e., opossums,
      koala, kangaroo)

   placental  
      Embryo develops within the uterus of the female and is
      dependent on a placenta for nutrition and waste removal
      (i.e., humans, lions, monkeys)  

About sixty-five million years ago, the Tertiary era produced thirty-five orders of mammals. Of this number, eighteen have survived to represent Earth's most diversified as well as its most highly developed classification of animals.

Extinction of mammals is fast becoming a serious issue. Duff and Lawson present a list of forty-one extinct species that reached extinction prior to 1800. These forty-one species are not acknowledged in the counts of the various families. Duff and Lawson also present a list of forty-six species including three gazelles, one zebra, one seal, one deer, and one wolf that have probably gone extinct since 1800. These forty-six species are included in the family counts. Science is adding about forty to fifty new species a year to the list. Many of these are the result of divisions of prior species; some are recent discoveries.

Mammals owe their survival to adaptive capabilities that include the ability to exploit whatever sources of food are available to them, as well as their ability to adjust to various climes. Food specialization influenced evolution to such a great extent that the teeth structure can and has been used to provide extensive information on the food needs and various lifestyles of extinct species.

Despite the vast diversity among mammals in terms of size, habitats and adaptations, they share without exception many characteristics such as:  

    a. body hair
    b. mammary glands
    c. certain skull characteristics
    d. four limbs that permit speed
    e. parallel not perpendicular limbs
    f. compartmentalized internal organs
    g. a four-chambered heart and pulmonary circulation

Backboned Animals (Phylum Chordata) are the most advanced group of animals on earth. These animals are characterized by having a spinal cord or backbone. Most members have a clearly defined brain that controls the organism through a spinal cord. Fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals are in this phylum.

Currently, some taxonomists believe that the fish should be divided into two groups (sharks and regular fishes) and that there are some other primitive groups in the phylum such as hagfish or lampreys.

Animal Kingdom contains numerous organisms that feed on other animals or plants. Included in the animal kingdom are the lower marine invertebrates such as sponges and corals, the jointed legged animals such as insects and spiders, and the backboned animals such as fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.